The
trend of Labour welfare in the industry can be defined in three ways on the
basis of their mode of execution or acceptance.
1. Statutory
2. Voluntary
3. Mutual
An
apart from these three types of labour welfare, it has divided in to two parts:
1.
Intra Mural
2.
Extra Mural
Intra
Mural measures are those kind of mode of labour welfare which are set on the
basis of ILO conventions and recommendation or enacted by the legislation of
related country as in India (The Indian Factory Act 1948, The Maternity Benefit
Act 1961, Employees State Insurance Act 1948, Provident Fund and miscellaneous
Provision Act 1952 etc.)
Extra
mural benefits are those which are set mutually or voluntarily on the basis of
their requirement or on the basis of Philanthropy or Trusteeship Theory of
Labour Welfare.
Let’s Makes Focus on
Intra Mural Labour Benefits:
Health and Medical
Safety of Workmen:
A
healthy workforce is of utmost importance to industry. The ILO in its
conventions and recommendations has laid down standards, which have had a
contributory effect on legislation in India. The ILO convention 25 concern
sickness insurance and medical facilities to be provided to an insured person
while convention 103 deals with maternity protection. The India Factory Act
1948 section 11 to 20 deals with Health related provisions as follows:
Cleanliness Section 11
Disposal
of water and effluents Section
12
Ventilation
and Temperature Section
13
Dust
and Fume Section
14
Artificial
Humidification Section
15
Over
Crowding Section 16
Lightning Section
17
Drinking
Water Section
18
Latrines
and Urinals Section
19
Spittoons Section
20
Canteens:
The ILO
in its recommendation 102, mentioned this facility and felt that a competent authority
in each country should guide establishments with regard to nutrition, hygiene,
finance, etc. In India the factories act places the responsibility on state
governments to make rules that in any specified factory with more than with 250
workers, a canteen or canteens should be provided and certain standards should
be maintained. The Indian Factory Act 1948, section 46 emerged from ILO’s
recommendation no 102.
Crèches:
The
Indian Factory Act 1948, Section 48 laid down the provision of Crèches for the
employer with 30 women worker. The trained attended should be hired for child
care and mother should be given sufficient time to feed children. The basic aim
of crèches is to provide care to the children below or of 6 years. The need of
kindergarten classes is also felt.
Extra
Mural Labour welfare:
Definition as describe
above benefits as under:
Housing
Facility
Recreational
Facility
Educational
Facility
Transportation
Facility
And other facilities as employer
thinks to be fit for the worker:
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